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v(laterally) directly'against a cheek or cheeks on the head or'stock, instead of against each other; and by placin ALBERT .'l. STEARNS, DORCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

Letters Pateutlla 78,616, dated June 2, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT In CUTTER-HEADS ron statine-MACHINES.

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TO ALL WHOM IT 4MA1' CONCERN: l

Be it known that I, ALBERT T. STEARNS, of Dorchester, inthe county of Norfolk, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improved Gutter-Head for Making Wooden Conductors and similar articles; and I dov hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawings which accompany and form part ot` this speciiication, is a description of my invention suiiieient to enable those skilled in'tlie art to practise it.

The invention relates particularly to theconstruction and arrangement of the cutters of the cutter-head or stock of machines used in the vmanufacture of wooden speuts or conductors, of that class in which semicylindrical tubes are formed, twoot' which placed together make a whole tube, with a tongue and a groove on each hul, fitting into a corresponding tongue and groove on the opposite halt`,rto make thejeint between them, as seen inthe pieces marked C, in United States Letters Patent, No.,31,449, of 1861.

In the common rotary cutter-head or stock which has been in use upon these machines, the three cutters,

on euch side of the head, have been 'placed in the. same plane of attachment, each secured to the head by a separate independent screw or bolt, and each cutter or bit', at the side of the centre cutter, being in one piece, with a notch in the cutting-'edge ofthe tongueing-bit, for forming the tongue, and a projection on' the cuttingedge ofthe grooving-bit, to formthe groove, the three cutters being arranged side by side, with their adjacenty edges in contact.

The objections to this construction and arrangement are-as follows: First, that a separate bolt is required to fastenlcach cutter.

Second, that as leach side-cutter is made in one piece, with angles inits cutting-edge, it is diicult to sharpen the edge and keep it in good condition.

Third, 'that the cutters being arranged in contact, with no lateral support other than that of each cutter against its fellow, any starting or.lateral twisting of one vaieets all the others.

Lastly, that as the cutters are arranged in the same plane, the cutting-edge of the main cutter has to be projected so far beyond the edges of the side bits, that the cutters cannot advantageously act together, the

main cutter, whenit acts, being at too obtuse an angle to the plane of the stock upon which it works.

The object of my invention is to obviate these defects, and I accomplish this result by ina-king the jointing, tongueing, and growing-cutters in separate pieces, confining the two sets on each side of each centre or main cutter by a single bolt, through which they project like bolt-keys; by supporting veach cutter or eet of cutters D the main cutter in a plane of attachment onvthe head beyond the plane of attachmentof the side cutters, so that its cutting-edgercan be arranged to act more in concert with the adjacent eutting-edges--niy invention consisting in these scveralimprovements in the construction and arrangement of the parts.

The drawing represents a cutter-head or-stoek embodying my improvements- A showing an end View.

B, a front view. I f

C, a view, partly in plan and partly in section.

D, a central section, through one of the main cutters.

E shows a section of a conductor, such as is made in halves in machines using these cutters.

a denotes the head or stock, having upon each of two opposite sides of it a centre cutter, b, which plonghs out the centre ofthe conductor, and side bits, e c, which joint and-tongueland groove the opposite edges of each half` conductor.

Each main cutter, b, is secured to the head, between cheeks el a", as seen at B, and by a screw or bolt, e,

-t-he cutter tting between the cheeks, which hold, `it froin lateral displacement, while the screw c holds it down i t-o the stock.

In each end of the stock`grooves, f, are formed, in each of which grooves sits one ofthe tongueing or grooving and jointing-bits, c, each bit fitting into the groove, and being supported against the inner surface or' wall thereof, or upon three ol' its surfaces, by the material of the stock itself.

Instead of? confining 'each-bitby a separate b o'lt,;a 'screw-bolt, l7, runsthrough the head, this bolt having mortises cnt' through it, which fit upon and' receivelthe two bits at the opposite ends of the stock, these inortses being so disposed that upon passing the bolt throughthe stock, and the bits through the bolt, and applying a nut, z', to the screw-threaded endcfithe bolt, the two bits are brought tightly up' against the inner walls of each bit-receiving slot in the stock. l

' lo facilitate the gindingfsharpening', an'dn'repairing" of the'fcuttingledges of 'the hits, each bit is made in separate parts, so that the whole-ot" its edge may be presented to 'the surface of a grinding-wheel or stone; Thus each grooving andjointing bitfhas a centre-bit, k, for cutting out the groove, and upon each side of this a straight-edgedjointing-bitrfwhile each 'tiongueing and jointing-bit is made in twopieces, m, each of which has made, on the inner end of its jointin'g edge, an inclined cutting-edge, n, the two of which make a V-shapc'd p cutter, which cutsthe tongue, 'allot' these bit-members, on each side of the cutter-head, being held in place-by the one holt, IL, as .will be readily seen.

In the old cutter-stock, (as has been before obs 'erved,) each main cutter is placed inthe same plane with 'the\bit, on .cach sideofiit, but in my stock- I` place each main cutter above the piane of the side cutters, as seen at B and D,-I being therebyenabldfto bring its cutting-,edge much nearer to the stock, and in radial line with' the cutting-edges of the side cutters,"whichi arrangement enables the cutter to co-operate more advantageously withy the other cutters, and also enables it to-work 'more nearly'parallel with the w'ood upon which it operates.V I

I claim the combination of the? slotted screw-bolt with 'the cutterfhead and side cutters, constructed and arranged substantially as set forth.

Also, the cutter-head, cons' 'uctedwith'thc side cutters, .arranged relatively to the centre cutters, substam tially in the manner and for the purposeset forth.` i l A. 1*."STEARNS.-

Witnesses:

FRANCIS GouLD, S. IB. Kunnen. 

